WebNov 25, 2001 · Sir Joseph Larmor in England first proposed in 1919 that dynamos consisting entirely of fluids might explain the creation of sunspot magnetic fields. His idea was that … WebA Birkeland current usually refers to the electric currents in a planet's ionosphere that follows magnetic field lines (ie field-aligned currents), and sometimes used to described any field-aligned electric current in a …

Kristian Birkeland - Biography, Facts and Pictures

WebJul 24, 2024 · Birkeland currents are the mechanism by which stress is transmitted from the magnetosphere to the ionosphere, and as such, ... In this paper, we have highlighted … WebJul 8, 2024 · The exchange of energy and momentum between the Earth’s upper atmosphere and ionosphere, and its space environment (magnetosphere) is regulated by electric currents (called Birkeland currents ... diamond school bc

Understanding Birkeland Currents and Z-pinches

WebFeb 5, 2005 · Such filament pairs are called “Birkeland currents.” ... The variable nature of the electrical input to Venus via the Sun and the snaking about of the Birkeland currents explain both these characteristics. Of … A Birkeland current (also known as field-aligned current) is a set of electrical currents that flow along geomagnetic field lines connecting the Earth's magnetosphere to the Earth's high latitude ionosphere. In the Earth's magnetosphere, the currents are driven by the solar wind and … See more Auroral Birkeland currents carry about 100,000 amperes during quiet times and more than 1 million amperes during geomagnetically disturbed times. Birkeland had estimated currents "at heights of several … See more Auroral Birkeland currents are constrained along the geomagnetic field. Therefore, the current’s distribution in 3-dimensional space could be largely described using the 2-dimensional distribution of the current’s footprints at a given altitude in the ionosphere, e.g., … See more • Electromagnetism • Magnetohydrodynamics • Bursty bulk flows another name for similar phenomena (discontinuous sudden flows as in Aurorae) See more • Plasma fibres and Walls • Electric Currents and Transmission Lines in Space • Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Lab. Global Birkeland Currents See more After Kristian Birkeland first suggested in 1908 that "currents there [in the aurora] are imagined as having come into existence mainly as a secondary effect of the electric corpuscles from the sun drawn in out of space," the story appears to have become mired in … See more Books • Egeland, Alv, Burke, William J.,(2005), Kristian Birkeland, The First Space Scientist , Springer pp. 221, ISBN 1-4020-3293-5 • Peratt, Anthony (1992), Physics of the Plasma Universe, Birkeland Currents in Cosmic Plasma … See more WebA Force-Free Field-Aligned Birkeland Currents Model. Issue 2 (April) PROGRESS IN PHYSICS Volume 11 (2015) uration, the j and B vectors are interacting – all the j’s are creating curl(B) vectors that sum to form the local B vec-tors. At any point in the plasma where j,0 a force can exist diamond s can